Imeko imaxongo, kwaye asazi ukuba uza kubakho nini na umtyhi. Indlala, ukuphulukana nemisebenzi, ukuncitshiswa kwemali yesibonelelo kunye nokufa ndawo zonke. Izixamali zemali yesibonelelo zangoku bezingalingananga ukuba kubekwe ukutya etafileni phambi kwe-COVID-19, kwaye ngoku ngelixa abantu abaninzi bengekho ngqeshweni, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwiimfuno ezingundoqo ezinje ngokutya, kwaye abantu besweleka ngale ndlela ngoku, oku kuyimo emaxongo kuluntu.
Kodwa singayitshintsha le meko. Kunyaka ophelileyo sahlangana senza inkqubelaphambili kuzalisomali yesibonelelo, kodwa oku kuphelile [1]. Ngoku, ngokubalasela kwe-COVID-19 ebangela intsholongwane icorona, kufuneka sifake uxinzelelo kurhulumente ukuba athathe unyawo. UMongameli uRamaphosa wabhengeza izicwangciso zenkqubo yogonyo lwe-COVID-19 kwaye wathi urhulumente uza kujonga isakhono sesibonelelomali sengeniso esisiseko [2] kodwa wathi ayikho imali yokunceda iintsapho okwangoku [3].
Ngexesha esifanele ukuba siqesha abasebenzi bezempilo abangaphaya, uMphathiswa wezeMali uMboweni unciphisa uqingqomali lokuchitha imali kuluntu [4], nangona iingcali ezininzi zithe thaca uphando kuNondyebo wesiZwe nasePalamente zibonisa ukuba singayifumana imali ngokurhafisa ngokukuko izityebi. Kukho ngaphezulu kwama-150,000 abantu abafumana umvuzo ongaphezulu kwe-R1 miliyoni ngonyaka [5], abangaz' ukulamba ukuba bahlawula iRhafu yeNgeniso yoBuqu (Personal Income Tax) ephezulu.
Kuze ke kubekho ama-300,000 nangaphezulu oosozigidi ngezigidi [6] abanezindlu ezinkulu nezigidi zemali kwiiakhawunti zebhanki zabo. Abaphandi bandulule irhafu yobutyebi emva kweendleko yonyaka kwabo banobutyebi obungaphezulu kwama-R3.8 miliyoni. Kukho amazinga erhafu awohlukeneyo andululwe lolu phando. Sixhasa elona zinga liphezulu lerhafu yobutyebi emva kweendleko eliphakathi kwe-3% ne-9% [7] kuba koko okufunekayo ukuba sifuna ukwandisa iimali zesibonelelo soluntu kwaye sithabathe amanyathelo ukungenisa iNkxaso yeNgeniso eSisiseko kwizinga lomrholo owanele izidingo ukuze bonke abantu bethu bakwazi ukuphila ubomi obuphucukileyo. Iinkokeli zethu zisilele ukurhafisa izityebi ngokukuko iminyaka ngeminyaka, ngoko ke la mazinga aphezulu erhafu kwizityebi ayimfuneko ukuba sifuna ukupheliswa kokuncitshiswa koqingqomali ekuchithweni kwemali kuluntu size sibe nemali ekufuneka ifezekise i-Inshorensi yezeMpilo yeSizwe (National Health Insurance) (i-NHI) kwiminyaka emihlanu elandelayo.
Siphila kwelona lizwe lingalinganiyo kwihlabathi liphela. Njengangoku, unatyiso logonyo lwe-COVID-19 lubekwa phambili ukulungiselela utyalomali olungundoqo, kwaye oko kulunge ngqo. Kodwa ukuphila phakathi kwe-COVID-19 kodwa ujongane nendlala nokhathalelompilo olunganelanga kujongela phantsi olo tyalomali kakhulu.
Ukuba siphakamisa iinyawo ngoku, singafaka uxinzelelo olwaneleyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba intetho yoqingqomali yoMphathiswa wezeMali uMboweni ngomhla wama-24 kuFebhruwari ibhengeze iirhafu kwabazizityebi, okunokunceda iintsapho ukuba ziphile hayi nje kwi-COVID-19 kuphela, kodwa nasemva kwalo bhubhane ngokunjalo.
Mongameli Ramaphosa oBekekileyo, Mphathiswa woPhuhliso loLuntu Zulu kunye noMphathiswa wezeMali uMboweni, thina basayine apha ngezantsi siyanibongoza ukuba nixhase izigqibo, imigaqonkqubo kunye noqingqomali ekuyimfuneko ukuba zifezekise izinyanzelo ezilapha ngezantsi. Mphathiswa Mboweni, kufuneka wamkele ezi zinyanzelo zilandelayo “njengeeNgcebiso ezilungiselelwe uMphathiswa wezeMali”. Siyakukhumbuza njengoMphathiswa wezeMali, ukuba luxanduva lwakho ukuthatha amanyathelo ngokuphathelele kokuyintando yesininzi soluntu oluhluphekayo, kwaye hayi abambalwa abanyolukileyo. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka uzibophelele kwezi zinyanzelo zilandelayo kwintetho yakho yoqingqomali ngomhla wama-24 kuFebhruwari ka-2021:
1. Unyuse iRhafu yeNgeniso yoBuqu kwabo barhola ngaphezulu kwe-R1 miliyoni ngonyaka ukusukela kumhla we-1 ku-Epreli ka-2021, ngepesenti eza kunceda ukuphumeza izinyanzelo ezilapha ngezantsi.
2. Uzibophelele ekungeniseni irhafu yobutyebi emva kweendleko yonyaka ngezinga eliphezulu le- 3% kwabo banobutyebi obungaphezulu kwama-R3.8 miliyoni, i-7% kwabo banobutyebi obungaphezulu kwama-R30 miliyoni kunye ne-9% kwabo banobutyebi obungaphezulu kwama-R146 miliyoni, kwaye uyiquke kuMthetho osaYilwayo weRhafu kaMasipala noweziXamali (Monetary Amounts) ka-2021 oza kuphunyezwa ukusukela kumhla we-1 kuEpreli ka-2022. Irhafu yobutyebi emva kweendleko kufuneka ibe sisigxina kwaye ibe yeyonyaka nonyaka. Inkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuba izityebi zibhengeza ubutyebi bazo kufuneka iqalise ngokukhawuleza kangangoko. Amanyathelo awongezelelweyo okuhlangabezana nophephorhafu ngokungemthetho kwaye nokufumana ujikelezisomali ngabantu naziinkampani kufuneka abe lilinge eliphambili.
3. Sikwamemezela amangenelelo nezibophelelo ezilungelelene nabahluphekayo anje ngokunciphisa ngokubonakalayo isaphulelorhafu soncedo lwezonyango nokushenxiswa kotsalo lwemirhumo yengxowamali yomhlalaphantsi okanye izaphulelorhafu kwabo barhola ngaphezulu kwe-R1 miliyoni ngonyaka. Ukuqhawulwa kwerhafu ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka ukuba kujongwe kwakhona ukuquka nesikhuthazingqesho kwaye nokucinywa kwezaphulelorhafu ezingasebenziyo kufuneka nako kubekwe phambili. Siyakubongoza kwakhona ukuba uzibophelele ekubeni ungayinyusi iRhafuntengo (i-VAT), ngaphandle kwakwimpahla yobunewunewu, nanjengoko oku kubetha kakhulu abahluphekayo. Kwakhona mayinganyuswa iRhafu yeNgeniso yoBuqu (Personal Income Tax) kwabo barhola ngaphantsi kwe-R1 miliyoni ngonyaka nanjengoko imivuzo enjalo isoloko ixhasa amakhaya. Ngaphaya kwezi zibophelelo zerhafu, simemezela ulwabiwo kwakhona lwenkcitho karhulumente nokuncitshiswa kwenkcitho karhulumente engekho mgaqweni.
4. I-amandla.mobi community ikwamemezela ukuba uMphathiswa wezeMali norhulumente ukuba barhafise izityebi ukuze kuphunyezwe ezi zinyanzelo zilandelayo, uninzi lwazo esenze iphulo ngazo iminyaka ngeminyaka:
- Anyuse iNkamnkam ibe ngama-R2150 ngenyanga, njengenyathelo lokuba ibe ngumrholo owanele izidingo ongama-R2500 ngenyanga;
- Anyuse isibonelelomali seNkxaso yabaNtwana ukuquka noomama abakhulelweyo;
- Axhase ngemali unatyiso oluyinkitha logonyo lwe-COVID-19 kwaye kuyekiswe ukuncitshiswa kokuchithwa kwemali kuluntu njengakwezemfundo nakwezempilo, ngelixa kananjalo kumiselwa iziseko zokuba kufezekiswe i-Inshorensi yezeMpilo yeSizwe (National Health Insurance);
- Aqinisekise ukuba amaziko karhulumente analo uncedomali olufunekayo ukufezekisa isigunyaziso sawo. Ukusilela ukwenza njalo kunendleko enkulu. Umzekelo, ukuncitshiswa koncedomali luye e-CCMA kuza kuba yingxaki enkulu kumalungelo abasebenzi, ngelixa i-NPA encedwa ngemali ngokusileleyo kusenza ukuba kube nzima ukubuyisela kwakhona iimali ezirhwaphilizwa ngabarhwaphilizi.
- Nangona isibonelelomali se-COVID-19 R350 SRD siphelisiwe, simemezela inkqubelaphambili engxamisekileyo ekuphunyezweni kwesiQinisekiso soMrholo oSisiseko (Basic Income Guarantee (isibonelelo) ekudala silindelwe kwabo baminyaka ili-18 ukuya kuma-59 ubudala.
Simemezela kwakhona kwiPalamente ukuba imamele kwaye ithabathe amanyathelo ngokwentando yesininzi sabahluphekayo ngokuxhasa izinyanzelo ezichazwe apha ngentla.
[1] https://awethu.amandla.mobi/petitions/tell-government-we-urgently-need-a-child-support-grant-increase-of-r500-for-the-next-6-months
[2] FULL SPEECH: Ramaphosa charts 'better future' for ANC in 2021, Nokukhanya N Mntambo for Jacaranda FM, 8 January 2021, page 16 od speech.
[3] Ramaphosa admits there's no money to help families hit by Covid-19, Clement Manyathela for EWN, 15 January 2021.
[4] ANALYSIS: Mboweni delivers a brutal budget: Minister warns SA needs deep spending cuts or risk bankruptcy, Hilary Joffe for Times Live, 25 June 2020.
[5] This is how many South Africans earn over R5 million a year, Quinton Bronkhorst for Business Tech, 23 February 2020.
[6] Submission to the technical annexure c tax proposals for the 2021 budget, Busi Sibeko for the Institute for Economic Justice, 23 November 2020.
